Cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities in patients with acromegaly
Abstract
Introduction: The Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disease caused by the hypersecretion of growth hormone, which produces multisystemic alterations of slow and progressive clinical course.
Objective: To characterize patients diagnosed with acromegaly from a clinical, epidemiological, chemical, anthropometric, and dynamic hormonal perspective.
Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out of patients admitted to Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba from 2015 to 2024 diagnosed with acromegaly. All those with multiple hormonal studies were selected for statistical analysis.
Results: The majority of patients were 40 years old; male (83.3 %), all with acromegalic facies and acral growth, 50.0 % had diabetes mellitus and were overweight, and 100 % showed a high cardiovascular risk according to the waist-to-hip ratio. The average values were: BMI of 30.01 kg/m², abdominal circumference of 97.83 cm, body fat of 30.31 %, and visceral fat between 87.15 and 99.28 cm² according to the applied formula. Growth hormone (GH) was not suppressed after the glucose load, confirming autonomous secretion.
Conclusions: Acromegaly impacts multiple systems; therefore, its effective treatment
requires early detection, evaluation, and multidisciplinary follow-up to reduce metabolic and cardiovascular risks and improve clinical prognosis.
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