Cardiovascular Diseases in Patients with Advanced Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus remain among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Both conditions share risk factors that influence the outcome of vitreoretinal surgery in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Objective: To identify prevalent cardiovascular diseases in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy who are candidates for vitreoretinal surgery.
Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted including 59 patients who attended the preoperative service with a diagnosis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy requiring vitreoretinal surgery. The variables analyzed were age, sex, type of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and risk factors.
Results: Male sex predominated (29,0 %) in the age group between 61 and 75 years with proliferative diabetic retinopathy indicated for vitrectomy. Coronary artery disease prevailed in the group of patients with type 2 diabetes, affecting 24 out of 59 patients; while the most frequent risk factor was arterial hypertension, present in 81,3 % of cases.
Conclusions: Understanding the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in patients with advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy allows for refining patient selection criteria, providing controlled treatment, and anticipating potential post-vitrectomy outcomes.
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