Complicated iatrogenic allogenosis presentation of two clinical cases

Abstract

The need to correct aesthetic defects, age-related wrinkles, and congenital or acquired skin depressions has led to the use of multiple adjuvants, which, once injected, offer immediate results without long-term effects on health. This is how the disease caused by modeling agents, defined by Felipe Coiffman in 2008 as iatrogenic allogenosis, arises. Among the most commonly used are: mineral oil, animal fat, petroleum jelly, silicone, paraffin, and biopolymers, which, when injected, behave like foreign bodies, triggering granulomatous reactions as part of the immune response. The first manifestations may appear 6 hours to 30 years after injection and may occur in outbreaks lasting 1 to 3 weeks every 2 months with local and systemic symptoms. Locally, there is redness, pain, increased volume and temperature in the area, nodules, edema, fibrosis, keloids, abscesses, and fistulas. Systemic symptoms include fever, arthralgia, fatigue, and general malaise. Improvement may be spontaneous or with medical treatment, although a small number of patients may be asymptomatic. We present two clinical cases diagnosed with complicated iatrogenic gluteal allogenosis, treated in the Plastic Surgery Department of the Hermanos Ameijeiras Surgical Clinical Hospital, Havana, Cuba. Both patients underwent different surgical techniques, achieving satisfactory results without postoperative complications and favorable clinical outcomes. Iatrogenic allogenosis is a health problem, which is why we insist on raising awareness about the prevention of this incurable disease.