Correlation between Immunoglobulin E, eosinophilia and histopathologic study in the eosinophilic esophagitis.
Abstract
Introduction: Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic immune mediated disease that significantly affects the patients' quality of life and has become an important cause of gastrointestinal morbidity.
Objective: To determine the correlation between the immunoglobulin levels E, eosinophilia and histopathological diagnosis in patients with clinical manifestations of esophageal disease.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was carried out to determine the correlation between immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, eosinophilia and histopathological diagnosis in patients with clinical manifestations of esophageal disease assisted at Guillermo Domínguez López Teaching General Hospital in Las Tunas, between December 2023 and December, 2024. The population consisted of 117 patients over 18 years, from which a sample of 59 individuals was selected using simple random sampling, calculated with the EPIDAT statistical package. Sociodemographic, clinical, endoscopic, immunological and histopathological variables were analyzed.
Results: The most frequent symptoms were dysphagia and food impaction. The nonspecific endoscopic pattern showed high diagnostic specificity. A significant correlation was found between IgE and histopathological diagnosis (Cramer V = 0.63) and between eosinophilia and histopathological findings (Kappa = 0.70). Both biomarkers proved useful in improving the diagnostic accuracy of the disease. There was a prevalence of the male sex and the 26-48 age group.
Conclusions: The integration of IgE and eosinophil count optimizes the diagnostic process in patients with clinical manifestations of esophageal disease.
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References
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