Current information about vasculitis and arterial thrombosis caused by chikungunya infection
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The disease caused by the chikungunya virus has shown a considerable increase in cases in the province of Santiago de Cuba in the last quarter of 2025, with vascular presentations such as infectious vasculitis and acute arterial thrombosis.Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of leukocytoclastic vasculitis caused by chikungunya virus infection and acute arterial thrombosis caused by the same.Method: A descriptive case series investigation was carried out on a random sample of 150 patients diagnosed with vasculitis and acute arterial thrombosis caused by the chikungunya virus, treated in the Angiology service of the "Saturnino Lora" Provincial Hospital de Santiago de Cuba, from October 1, to December 31, 2025.Results: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis predominated in both the acute and chronic phases. Acute ischemia due to arterial thrombosis was a serious clinical event in chikungunya infection, associated with a high mortality rate (30.0%); similarly, 40.0% of those discharged alive underwent amputation.Conclusions: It was concluded that the symptoms and signs of leukocytoclastic vasculitis caused by the chikungunya virus appear in the acute phase, with papules, pain, and palpable purpura being particularly prominent. Acute ischemia due to arterial thrombosis, resulting from dehydration caused by Chikungunya, led to complications such as limb amputations and a high risk of death.
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