Clinical epidemiological, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and therapeutic aspects in diabetic patients with acute heart attack
Keywords:
acute heart attack, diabetes mellitus, echocardiography, elevation ST segments, thrombolitic treatment.Abstract
Introduction: The diabetes mellitus is not among the most common chronic non communicable diseases in the world, and is considered that for the 2030 it will be diagnosed in the 7.7 % of the population over 18 years, that is to say, in 430 million individuals.
Objective: To characterize diabetic patients that presented acute heart attack with elevation of the ST segment, according to clinical epidemiological, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and therapeutic variables.
Methods: A descriptive study was carried out from January to December, 2019 of 137 patients with history of diabetes mellitus that presented acute heart attack with elevation of the ST segment, assisted in the Cardiology Service of Saturnino Lora Teaching Clinical-Surgical Provincial Hospital in Santiago de Cuba. Among the analyzed variables figured the age, sex, functional class, complications, systolic and dyastolic function of the left ventricle, the therapy of reperfusion used and the state of the patient when discharged from the hospital.
Results: In the series there was a prevalence of the male sex and the 60 and over age group. It was observed that the acute heart attack in the previous topography presented more complications, as well as higher number of patients with thrombolitic and combined treatment. Also, most of the patients were alive when discharged from the hospital, which also corresponded with the thrombolitic therapy received. When analyzing the patients with segmental alterations in the echocardiographic study, a primacy of the deceaseds was obtained in that group.
Conclusions: The diabetic patients that present acute heart attack with elevation of the ST segment constitute an independent group with clinical and echocardiographic specificities, and more risk of mortal complications.
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