Clinical, epidemiological, pathological and surgical particularities, of patients with thyroid cancer

Abstract

Introduction: Thyroid cancer constitutes a reason of great concern and repercussion for the health of these patients. When being confirmed the diagnosis, a treatment protocol begins that generates big physical, psychic and social impacts.

Objective: To characterize patients with thyroid cancer according to clinical, epidemiological, pathological, and surgical variables.  

Method: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study of 153 patients surgically intervened with thyroid cancer, was carried out from January, 2012 to December, 2019. The instrument used was the observational quantitative and was processed by means of the SPSS statistical system, version 22.0. 

Results: The sixth decade of life 37.2% and the female sex 89.5% prevailed in this series. In that same sense, 97.4% of patients suffered from a comorbidity and 42 cases were exposed to risk factors of malignancy that represent 27.4%.  It is necessary to add that 64.7% of patients didn't have lymph node metastasis and were  operated before the year of  diagnosis. The multinodularity is involved in the most frequent clinical form with 52.2%. There was a prevalence of the TIRADS V echographic report and the cytologic Bethesda V0+I with 64.0% and 45.6% respectively. The predominant histologic variety was papillary with 54.9%. The thyroidectomy prevailed with 78.5% and as complication dysphonia with 6.0%.  

Conclusions: Thyroid cancer is still a health problem and characterizing these patients was a contribution to the improvement of opportune diagnosis and  personalization of the therapy in each patient.