Relación entre la microbiota del intestino y la tensión arterial
Resumen
Se ha demostrado la asociación de los microbios intestinales Firmicutes y Bacteroidetes con la hipertensión arterial, inclusive en personas sensibles a la sal. Asimismo, la disminución de la microbiota por los antibióticos puede aumentar o disminuir la tensión arterial acorde a la influencia del genotipo. En este artÃculo se comunican algunos argumentos sobre el tema y, además, se explica cómo la función biológica de los probióticos también puede ser el resultado de modificaciones epigenéticas, relacionado, en parte, con el micro-ARN, y cómo los productos de la fermentación de los nutrientes por la microbiota pueden influir en la tensión arterial regulando el gasto energético, el metabolismo intestinal de las catecolaminas, el transporte iónico gastrointestinal y renal y, con ello, la sensibilidad a la sal. Por último, se concluye que el efecto beneficioso o deletéreo de la microbiota intestinal sobre la tensión arterial es una consecuencia de distintas variables, incluidas las genéticas y epigenéticas, asà como el estilo de vida y el uso de antibióticos.
Palabras clave
Referencias
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